The Salerno originated in the Campania region of Italy in the 18th century. The Salerno was developed at the Bourbon stud of Persano and they were known as the Persano horses. The breeders used local stock from the Ofanto and Salerno Valleys and crossbred them with the Neapolitan, which was a horse with Barb and Spanish background. To refine and provide quality Arabian and Spanish horses were imported and crossbred. In 1860 the Italian Republic was established and the stud closed. In the 1900s a new stud called the Morese Stud was opened and the breeding once again started but the Persano name was changed to the Salerno. Thoroughbreds were introduced to the stock and the breed showed great improvement with conformation, jumping, and action. The Morese Stud was the main center for breeding and produced many international champion show jumpers. The modern Salerno stands on average over 16 hh, which is larger than previously. The Salerno is a sensible and well-made horse. The Salerno is a quality horse that has a fine riding shoulder and great conformation. It has an action that is free and a better than average jumping ability. The Salerno today is used in show jumping and in the mounted police.