The Kiso are descended from the ponies of China, Korea, and Mongolia. The Kiso is found in Japan on the Kiso-Sanmyaku west of Tokyo. This small horse has occupied in Japan for about a thousand years. In the past the Kiso was used for transportation and agricultural uses. During the Meiji period it was dissuaded to breed purebred Kiso because of their size and all male stallions were castrated and a crossbreeding program started with larger western horses. The Kiso were dramatically affected by this and were it not for a single holy horse that had not been castrated the existence of this breed may have been severely affected. In Japan there are some ranches that specialize in breeding the Kiso. The current Kiso breed has been back bred among its descendants. The Kiso stands on average 13 hh. This small horse has a disposition comparable to the Tarpan and an appearance like the Przewalski or the Mongolian horse.